PREVENZIONE E SERVIZI SANITARI

Module IGIENE GENERALE E APPLICATA

1. Knowledge and Understanding

Upon completion of the course, the student will be able to:

• Core Hygiene Concepts: Define the objectives of Public Health and the determinants of health (genetic, environmental, and behavioral).

• Levels of Prevention: Distinguish between primary (removing causes), secondary (early diagnosis/screening), and tertiary (rehabilitation/preventing relapse) prevention.

• Microbiology: Understand the classification and behavior of pathogenic, opportunistic, and non-pathogenic microorganisms.

• Etiopathogenesis: Comprehend the causes and epidemiology of vascular and muscular pathologies, as well as congenital malformations (cleft palate, craniofacial and encephalic malformations) that affect speech and language functions.

2. Applying Knowledge and Understanding

The student will demonstrate the ability to:

• Infectious Disease Management: Apply prevention protocols for diseases relevant to the SLT clinical setting, such as air-borne or contact-transmitted infections (measles, mumps, rubella, meningitis, HIV).

• Sanitary Procedures: Correctly select and perform techniques for antisepsis, disinfection, and sterilization of speech therapy tools and clinical surfaces.

• Screening Protocols: Integrate the results of newborn hearing screenings into the preventive planning for language disorders.

• Pregnancy Care: Identify risk factors during pregnancy to provide guidance on preventing congenital malformations like cleft palate.

3. Making Judgements

The student will develop the critical capacity to:

• Risk Analysis: Evaluate environmental and genetic risk factors associated with the onset of speech and language disorders in both children and adults.

• Operational Decisions: Determine the most appropriate hygiene procedures based on patient vulnerability (e.g., immunocompromised patients vs. healthy individuals).

• Epidemiological Interpretation: Critically analyze epidemiological data on vascular and muscular pathologies to understand the prevalence of communicative disorders within a population.

4. Communication Skills

Essential for the professional relationship between the therapist, the patient, and the healthcare team:

• Healthcare Communication: Apply principles of effective communication in care settings to improve patient compliance and therapeutic outcomes.

• Health Promotion: Effectively explain the importance of prevention (vaccinations and healthy behaviors) to parents and caregivers to avoid pathologies leading to hearing or speech deficits.

• Technical Terminology: Use precise scientific language to collaborate with other healthcare professionals (physicians, audiologists, nurses).

5. Learning Skills

The student will acquire the tools for continuous professional development:

• Scientific Research: Independently consult guidelines and databases to stay updated on new prevention strategies for malformations and vascular disorders.

• Regulatory Updates: Monitor changes in national vaccination calendars and neonatal screening protocols.

• Self-directed Study: Develop a method for keeping pace with emerging infectious threats and advancements in sterilization technology.

The course includes lectures with the help of powerpoint.

Should teaching be carried out in mixed mode or remotely, it may be necessary to introduce changes with respect to previous statements, in line with the programme planned and outlined in the syllabus.

- Hygiene goals - Health determinants - Primary, secondary and tertiary disease prevention - Pathogenic, opportunistic and non-pathogenic microorganisms - Infectious diseases transmission mode - Prevention of the main infectious diseases of interest in speech therapy (measles, mumps, rubella, chickenpox, diphtheria, bacterial meningitis, poliomyelitis, tetanus, HIV infection) - Sterilization, Disinfection and antisepsis, Principles of communication in health care. Congenital malformation of interest in speech therapy (Palatosis, craniofacial malformations, encephalic malformations). Prevention through correct nutrition during pregnancy. Epidemiology of vascular, muscular and genetic disorders and speech disorders in children and adults. Neonatal auditory screening as a linguistic disorder prevention.

Reference book. Igiene. Triassi, Aggazzotti, Ferrante. II edizione, Ildeson-gnocchi editore

Slides  of teacher (Studium)

Written exam related to the integrated course modules.

Assessment criteria: relevance of answers to the questions asked, quality of content, ability to connect with other topics covered in the program, ability to provide examples, command of technical language, and the student's overall expressive ability.

Learning assessment may also be conducted online, if circumstances warrant.

• What are the prevention tools for infectious diseases and chronic degenerative diseases?
• Can you provide an example of frequency and risk measures?
• What are the factors that contribute to the development of speech-language disorders?