MEDICINA

Module Anestesiologia

The course provides students with the fundamental knowledge and skills for recognizing, classifying, and managing the main urgent and emergency conditions of interest to anesthesiology and resuscitation, promoting rapid assessment and diagnostic and therapeutic reasoning. At the end of the Integrated Course, students will be able to navigate acute clinical situations, recognize time-dependent conditions, and understand the role of different specialties in managing the emergency patient. Knowledge and Understanding: Students will acquire basic knowledge of the anesthesiological and resuscitation approach to the critically ill patient, understanding the principles of the pathophysiology of emergency conditions and perioperative management. 

Ability to Apply Knowledge and Understanding: Students will be able to apply the acquired knowledge to recognizing the main conditions requiring anesthesiological and resuscitation support, understanding the essential phases of an anesthesiological procedure and the principles of perioperative patient management. 

Making independent judgments: Students will develop the ability to critically assess a patient's condition in an emergency, recognizing signs of clinical instability and understanding the rationale behind anesthesia and resuscitation decisions. 

Communication skills: Students will be able to effectively communicate clinical information relevant to anesthesia and resuscitation management, using appropriate terminology and collaborating with other professionals involved.

Learning skills: Students will consolidate their ability to continuously update their knowledge in anesthesiology and resuscitation, in relation to the evolution of life support techniques, acute postoperative pain management, and critically ill patient management.

In-person lectures and theoretical/practical courses are offered, with the availability of hosting students at the instructor's clinical location for elective internships. In-depth seminars are offered where possible. Cooperative teaching (student-instructor) is provided through the sharing of teaching materials and multimedia.

If teaching is taught in a blended or distance learning format, necessary changes to the previously stated curriculum may be made in order to comply with the planned program outlined in the syllabus.

Knowledge of the anatomy and pathophysiology of organs and systems involved in the management of life-threatening patients (urgent/emergency), patients undergoing surgery under anesthesia, and patients hospitalized in intensive care.

- Anesthesiological Risk, Anesthesia, and Preoperative Medicine

- Analgesia and Sedation in Emergencies

- Triage and Major Emergencies

- The Patient with Cardiopulmonary Arrest (BLS-D, PBLS)

- Notes on Hemodynamics and Oxygen Transport

- Routes of Drug Administration in Emergencies

- The Asphyxiated Patient (from a Foreign Body)

- Sepsis and Septic Shock

- Medical Emergencies and Resuscitation Approach

- Poisoning

- Environmental Emergencies (Burns, Electrocution, Drowning)

- Anesthesia with Local Anesthetics and Pharmacological Considerations

- Anesthesia in NORA (or "Non-Operating Room Anesthesia")

Balzanelli-Gullo – Manual of Emergency Medicine and First Aid – CIC International Editions 

This text has been recommended in previous years. The instructor does not recommend a particular text. He believes that any text, provided it is adequately updated, can support the study of the subject matter and its topics.

The exam is an oral, in-person test, administered jointly for all courses in the integrated course. Assessment may also be conducted online, if circumstances warrant. Quiz tests may be administered during the course (useful for assessing students' knowledge for a more targeted discussion of the program topics) or before the final exam. The preparation and discussion of a clinical case may be required before the final exam. The exam consists of an interview in which up to three questions will be asked on various topics related to the curriculum (at least one of which will be covered during lectures). The final assessment will be based on A) the student's level of knowledge of the program topics; B) the ability to apply this knowledge to solve specific problems, demonstrating maturity in clinical reasoning related to the program topics; C) clarity of presentation; and D) mastery of medical and scientific language. The following criteria will be taken into account when assigning the final grade:

Grade 29-30 with honors: The student has an in-depth knowledge of the syllabus topics, is able to promptly and correctly integrate and critically analyze the presented situations, independently solve even highly complex problems, and makes independent critical analysis and connection choices; he or she has excellent communication skills and masters medical-scientific language.

Grade 26-28: The student has a good knowledge of the syllabus topics, is able to integrate and critically analyze the presented situations in a linear and coherent manner, is able to solve complex problems fairly independently, and presents the arguments clearly using appropriate medical-scientific language.

Grade 22-25: The student has a fair knowledge of the syllabus topics, although limited to the core topics; is able to integrate and critically analyze the presented situations in a non-linear manner, but not always linear, and presents the arguments fairly clearly with reasonable command of the language. He or she demonstrates independent analysis only on topics of medium complexity.

Grade 18-21: The student has minimal knowledge of the syllabus topics, has a modest ability to integrate and critically analyze the presented situations, and presents the arguments sufficiently clearly, although their command of language is poorly developed. These skills emerge only with the instructor's assistance.

Failed exam: The student does not possess the minimum required knowledge of the main course content. Their ability to use specific language is very limited or nonexistent, and they are unable to independently apply the acquired knowledge.

Perioperative Management and Fasting

Orotracheal Incubation Procedure

Peculiarities of Anesthesia Management Outside the Operating Room